Any injury to the infant that results from compression, traction, or other mechanical forces during the birth process is categorized as birth trauma or a Birth Injury. Significant Birth Injury accounts for fewer than 2% of neonatal deaths and stillbirths in the United States. However, it still occurs occasionally and unavoidably, with an average of 6-8 injuries per 1000 live births.
Most birth traumas are self-limiting and have a favorable outcome. Nearly one half are potentially avoidable with recognition and anticipation of obstetric risk factors. Some of these risk factors include vaginal breech delivery; instrumental deliveries, especially forceps (mid-cavity) or vacuum; large-for-date infants, especially infants who weigh more than 10 lbs; and abnormal or excessive traction during delivery.
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Provides general information about birth injuries and other resources.
Homepage to the United Cerebral Palsy of Philadelphia organization.